Over 75% of people who detox from substance use disorder experience post-acute withdrawal syndrome.) (PAWS).
Withdrawal isn’t just a challenge; it can feel like a battle. The physical and emotional toll can be intense, overwhelming, and draining. Individuals may encounter a range of distressing symptoms, including alcohol withdrawal symptoms, shortly after quitting. The good news? Medications can make this process more manageable and even safer.
Feeling uncertain about where to begin? No need to worry, as we’ve got your back! In this article, we’ll walk you through the various medications commonly used during withdrawal. You’ll learn how they work, which are most often prescribed, and how they can help ease a difficult journey.
Let’s dive in and explore the options that can make all the difference during this challenging time!
Understanding Withdrawal
What Really Happens During Withdrawal?
When you decide to quit using a substance, your body goes through a process known as withdrawal. You can think of it as your body’s way of adjusting to life without the substance it has become dependent on.
Withdrawal journey can be a full-on struggle. Some people may feel physical discomfort, while others might experience emotional as well as psychological symptoms. These symptoms can vary widely and are part of the complex drug withdrawal syndromes. Studies also show that many people give up on their detox journey simply because they can’t withstand the intense withdrawal phase.
What Is Drug Withdrawal?
Drug withdrawal is a complex physiological response that occurs when the body suddenly reduces or stops the intake of a substance it has become dependent on. This dependency can develop with substances like opioids, benzodiazepines, or alcohol. When the body adapts to the presence of these substances, it relies on them to function normally. Removing or reducing the substance triggers a series of physical and psychological changes, leading to a range of withdrawal symptoms. These symptoms can vary widely, from mild discomfort to severe, life-threatening conditions, depending on the substance and the level of dependency.
Signs and Symptoms of Withdrawal You Should Know
Withdrawal affects both the body and mind, and understanding these changes can make a world of difference for those going through it. Recognizing the signs early during this challenging phase is crucial for providing the right support and guidance. While symptoms can vary, there are common withdrawal symptoms frequently experienced during detox.
Physical Signs to Watch For
When the body adjusts to the absence of a substance, it reacts noticeably. Here are some of the physical signs to look out for:
● Shaking or Tremors
● Sweating
● Headaches
● Nausea and Vomiting
● Changes in Appetite
● Fatigue
Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms can peak approximately two weeks after the last dose and may persist for months.
Psychological Symptoms of Opioid Withdrawal to Be Aware Of
Our bodies aren’t the only ones affected by withdrawal; the mind takes a hit, too. Some psychological symptoms during withdrawal are:
● Anxiety or Restlessness: Feeling constantly on edge, anxious, or just unsettled is super common. The mind is trying to adjust, leading to a lot of nervous energy.
● Irritability or Mood Swings: One minute, everything feels fine, and the next, anger or frustration takes over. Mood swings are a big part of withdrawal.
● Depression: For many, withdrawal can bring on feelings of sadness or hopelessness. It’s like a weight that feels impossible to shake off.
● Difficulty Concentrating: Have you ever tried to focus on a simple task only to feel like your mind is all over the place? Mental fog is real and can make even the simplest things feel like big challenges.
Medications That Can Make Withdrawal Easier

Some of the most commonly used medications that can make withdrawal easier are:
Benzodiazepine Withdrawal Symptoms
When withdrawal feels like an emotional rollercoaster, benzodiazepines can act as a safety belt. Medications like diazepam and lorazepam are commonly prescribed to help manage anxiety, agitation, and insomnia, and they are also used to manage symptoms of benzodiazepine withdrawal. They work quickly to calm the nervous system, reducing feelings of panic and even preventing seizures during detox.
However, benzodiazepines are typically prescribed for short periods since they can become addictive in no time. Consequently, you can consider it a temporary solution that must be utilized under professional supervision.
Disulfiram for Severe Alcohol Withdrawal
Disulfiram is a fascinating medication often used in alcohol detoxification. It works by triggering the symptoms of a severe hangover the moment someone consumes alcohol. Disulfiram is also used to prevent severe alcohol withdrawal by creating an aversion to alcohol. Just one drink after having Disulfiram can lead to intense reactions like nausea, vomiting, headaches, and a flushed face.
This immediate, unpleasant response serves as a powerful deterrent, making it much harder for someone to relapse during recovery. Essentially, disulfiram creates a strong aversion to alcohol, reinforcing the decision to stay sober.
Naltrexone
Naltrexone is another medication often used in the treatment of alcohol and opioid medication addiction. It works by blocking the euphoric effects of alcohol and opioids, making it less rewarding to use these substances. This can significantly reduce the desire to drink or use drugs, which can be especially helpful during the withdrawal phase.
Methadone
Methadone is a long-acting opioid agonist used in the treatment of opioid addiction and drug abuse, especially during withdrawal. It works by binding to the same receptors in the brain that opioids like heroin or prescription painkillers target. However, it does this without producing the intense euphoria associated with those drugs.
The medication effectively eases withdrawal symptoms and keeps cravings at bay. Instead of the highs and lows, methadone provides stability, helping people regain control over their lives. You’ll often find methadone prescribed at specialized clinics. It’s usually paired with counselling and therapy because together, they give the best chance for long-term success.
Buprenorphine
For many dealing with opioid addiction, Buprenorphine can be a lifesaver. It is a safer option compared to other opioid medications used to manage pain, which can be highly addictive and lead to dependency. Buprenorphine works similarly to Methadone but with a key difference. While both medications bind to opioid receptors in the brain, Buprenorphine does so with less intensity.
What makes buprenorphine stand out is its ceiling effect. This unique feature means that taking more medication doesn’t increase its impact after a certain dose. As a result, the risk of overdose is greatly reduced, making Buprenorphine a much safer option for those in recovery.
Bupropion
Addiction isn’t always about opioids or alcohol. Many times, it’s about smoking or even behavioural addictions like overeating. That’s where bupropion comes in. As an antidepressant, bupropion is used to help people quit smoking and tackle alcohol cravings during withdrawal.
How does it work? Bupropion targets brain chemicals like dopamine and norepinephrine, which play key roles in regulating mood and cravings.
Though bupropion is a powerful tool for managing withdrawal, it is still not a one-size-fits-all solution. It must always be used under medical supervision, as it carries risks, including the potential for seizures.
Varenicline
When it comes to quitting smoking, Varenicline is considered one of the most effective medications. This medication works by stimulating nicotine receptors in the brain, which helps reduce cravings and withdrawal symptoms. Additionally, Varenicline also blocks the pleasurable effects of nicotine. So, if a person smokes, it is less rewarding to continue the habit.
Modafinil
Modafinil increases the dopamine levels in the brain, which can help combat the fatigue that often accompanies the withdrawal process. For anyone recovering from addiction to stimulants like cocaine or methamphetamines, Modafinil can provide a huge relief. It helps keep you alert and focused when your energy is at its lowest, making pushing through the tough days easier.
Detox and Withdrawal Treatment Options
Inpatient and Outpatient Detox Options
When managing withdrawal symptoms, choosing the right detox program is crucial. Inpatient detox programs offer 24/7 medical supervision and support in a hospital or residential setting. This option is ideal for individuals experiencing severe withdrawal symptoms or those with a history of addiction, as it provides a safe and controlled environment. Inpatient programs typically involve a combination of medications, counselling, and support groups to help manage withdrawal symptoms and promote long-term recovery.
On the other hand, outpatient detox programs offer more flexibility, allowing individuals to receive treatment while continuing to live at home. This option is suitable for those with less severe withdrawal symptoms or strong support systems at home. Outpatient programs also combine medications, counselling, and support groups, but they require a higher level of personal responsibility and commitment to attend scheduled appointments and follow treatment plans.
Why Medical and Psychological Care Is a Must During Withdrawal?
Here’s why medical supervision is a must during withdrawal:
● Managing Intense Symptoms: Withdrawal symptoms can range from mild discomfort to life-threatening conditions. For instance, alcohol withdrawal can trigger seizures or delirium tremens (DTs), which are potentially fatal. Medications like benzodiazepines are often used under medical supervision to prevent such extreme symptoms.
● Ensuring Safe Use of Withdrawal Medications: Withdrawal medications, such as methadone or buprenorphine, require careful administration to prevent overdose. Only qualified healthcare professionals can prescribe the correct dosage, ensuring the medicines are used safely while minimizing risks.
● Early Intervention for Complications: Sometimes, withdrawal can lead to unexpected complications, like heart problems, dehydration, or severe dehydration. Medical supervision ensures these issues are treated before they become serious health threats.
Mental health services administration is crucial in addressing mental health concerns during withdrawal, such as depression and anxiety, to reduce the risk of relapse.
Post-Detox Care
Medications and Strategies for Maintaining Sobriety
Completing detox is a significant milestone, but maintaining sobriety requires ongoing medical and psychological care. Medications such as methadone, buprenorphine, and naltrexone can help manage opioid withdrawal symptoms and cravings, making it easier to stay on track. For those dealing with anxiety and insomnia, benzodiazepines may be prescribed, but always under strict medical supervision due to their potential for addiction.
In addition to medications, various strategies can support long-term recovery. Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) helps individuals develop coping skills and manage stress, while contingency management offers incentives for staying sober. Support groups provide a sense of community and shared experience, which can be incredibly motivating. By combining these approaches, individuals can reduce their risk of experiencing severe withdrawal symptoms and achieve lasting recovery from substance abuse.
Final Thoughts: Breaking Through Withdrawal, One Step at a Time!
Withdrawal can be a challenging experience, but with the right support and medications, it can become somehow manageable. Medications like benzodiazepines, naltrexone, and methadone play a crucial role in easing symptoms, reducing cravings, and enhancing the chances of successful recovery.
However, medical supervision is essential to minimise risks throughout the process. Having the right healthcare support ensures a tailored approach to staying on track during withdrawal. Our team specializes in providing expert guidance every step of the way. Contact us today to learn more. Or give us a call at 08000-380-480.
With appropriate guidance and treatment, recovery is not only possible, but the path to a healthier, substance-free life is within reach.